A service dog is specially trained to perform specific tasks or work for a person with a disability. These tasks directly relate to the individual’s disability and help them navigate daily life with greater independence.

Service dogs undergo extensive training and are expected to remain focused and well-behaved in a wide variety of environments. Because of the important work they perform, service dogs are protected under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and are generally permitted to accompany their handlers in public places where pets are not allowed. Service dogs may also live with their handlers, even in housing situations that have “no pets” policies.

Examples of service dogs include:

• Guide dogs for people who are blind or visually impaired
• Hearing dogs that alert handlers to important sounds
• Medical alert dogs that respond to seizures, diabetes or other health conditions
• Mobility assistance dogs that help with physical tasks

An emotional support animal, often called an ESA, provides comfort and emotional support to a person.

Unlike service dogs, emotional support animals are not trained to perform specific disability-related tasks. Their primary role is to offer companionship and help reduce symptoms associated with conditions such as anxiety and depression.

Because ESAs are not task-trained service animals, they do not have the same public access rights as service dogs. In most cases, emotional support animals are not allowed in restaurants, stores and other public places where pets are prohibited.